Evidence-based practice resources
I. Definition
II. Primary resource on EBP in Psychology
III. Other EBP resources
IV. Selected references
V. Disclaimer
I. Definition: “Evidence-based practice in psychology (EBPP) is the integration of the
best available research with clinical expertise in the context of patient characteristics,
culture, and preferences” (APA Presidential Task Force on Evidence-Based Practice,
2006).
II. Primary resource on EBP in Psychology
APA Practice Directorate Evidence-Based Practice in Psychology
III. Other EBP resources
American Psychiatric Association Practice Guidelines
Association for Psychological Science
The Cochrane Collaboration: Provides systematic reviews of the effects of
healthcare interventions.
Evidence-Based Behavioral Practice (EBBP)
The Heart & Soul of Change Project (Barry Duncan, PhD)
International Center for Clinical Excellence
National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE): A special health
authority of the National Health Service (NHS) in England and Wales that publishes guidelines
for the appropriate treatment of people with specific diseases and conditions based on efficacy and cost-effectiveness.
National Registry of Evidence-Based Programs and Practices (NREPP) (by SAMHSA)
Performance Metrics (Scott Miller, PhD)
Psychological Clinical Science Accreditation System
PubMed: Comprises more than 20 million citations for biomedical literature from MEDLINE, life science journals, and online books. Citations may include links to full-text content from PubMed Central and publisher web sites.
PubMed Central: The U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIH) free digital archive of biomedical and life sciences journal literature.
Society of Clinical Psychology – APA Division 12
Section 3 – Society for a Science of Clinical Psychology:
A Guide to Beneficial Psychotherapy
Research-Supported Psychological Treatments
TRIP Database (Turning Research into Practice)
Treatments that Work series, published by Oxford University Press
IV. Selected References
Aarons, G. A., & Sawitzky, A. C. (2006). Organizational culture and climate and mental
health provider attitudes toward evidence-based practice. Psychological Services, 3,
61–72.
Ackerman, S. J., & Hilsenroth, M. J. (2003). A review of therapist characteristics and
techniques positively impacting the therapeutic alliance. Clinical Psychology Review,
23, 1–33.
American Psychological Association. (2002). Criteria for evaluating treatment
guidelines. American Psychologist, 57, 1052–1059.
American Psychological Association. (2005). Policy statement on evidence-based
American Psychological Association. (2005). Report of the 2005 Presidential Task
Force on Evidence-Based Practice.
Antony, M. M., & Rowa, K. (2005). Evidence-based assessment of anxiety disorders in
adults. Psychological Assessment, 17, 256–266.
APA Presidential Task Force on Evidence-Based Practice. (2006). Evidence-based
practice in psychology. American Psychologist, 61, 271–285.
Baker, T. B., McFall, R. M., Shoham, V. (2009). Current Status and Future Prospects of
Clinical Psychology: Toward a Scientifically Principled Approach to Mental and
Behavioral Health Care. Psychological Science in the Public Interest, 9, 2, 67-103.
Volume 9 Issue 2, Pages 67 – 103.
Barlow, D. H. (2004). Psychological treatments. American Psychologist, 59, 869–879.
Barlow, D. H. (Ed.) (2007). Clinical Handbook of Psychological Disorders, Fourth
Edition: A Step-by-Step Treatment Manual.
Barlow, David H. (2010). Negative effects from psychological treatments: A perspective.
American Psychologist, Vol 65(1), 13-20.
Bohart, A. C. (2000). Paradigm clash: Empirically supported treatments versus
empirically supported psychotherapy practices. Psychotherapy Research, 10, 488-493.
Bohart, A. C., O’Hara, M., & Leitner, L. M. (1998). Empirically violated treatments:
Disenfranchisement of humanistic and other psychotherapies. Psychotherapy
Research, 8, 2, 141-157.
Bohart, A., & Tallman, K. (1999). How clients make therapy work: The process of active
self-healing. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
Borckardt, J. J., et al. (2008). Clinical practice as natural laboratory for psychotherapy
research: A guide to case-based time-series analysis. American Psychologist, Vol
63(2), 77-95
Castonguay, L. G., & Beutler, L. E. (2006). Principles of therapeutic change that work.
New York: Oxford University Press.
Castonguay, Louis G., et al. (2010). Training implications of harmful effects of
psychological treatments. American Psychologist, Vol 65(1), 34-49
Chwalisz, K. (2003). Evidence-based practice: A framework for twenty first-century
scientist-practitioner training. The Counseling Psychologist, 31, 497–528.
Cukrowicz, K. C., White, B. A., Reitzel, L. R., Burns, A. B., Driscoll, K. A., Kemper, T. S.,
et al. (2005). Improved treatment outcome associated with the shift to empirically
supported treatments in a graduate training clinic. Professional Psychology: Research
and Practice, 36, 330-337.
Duncan, B., & Miller, S. (2006). Treatment Manuals Do Not Improve Outcomes. In
Norcross, J., & Levant, R., & Beutler, L . (Eds) Evidence-based practices in mental
health. Washington, D.C.: APA Press.
Duncan, B., Miller, Scott D., & Hubble, M. (2007). How Being Bad Can Make You
Better: Developing a culture of feedback in your practice. Psychotherapy Networker.
Duncan, Barry L. (Ed.); Miller, Scott D. (Ed.); Wampold, Bruce E. (Ed.); Hubble, Mark A.
(Ed.). (2009). The heart and soul of change: Delivering what works in therapy (2nd ed.).
Washington, DC, US: American Psychological Association.
Edwards, D. J., et al. (2004). Developing Evidence-Based Practice: The Role of Case-
Based Research. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, Vol 35(6), 589-597
Gambrill, E. (2005). Critical thinking in clinical practice: Improving the accuracy of
judgments and decisions (2nd ed.). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.
Goldfried, Marvin R. (2007). What has psychotherapy inherited from Carl Rogers?
Psychotherapy: Theory, Research, Practice, Training, Vol 44(3), 249-252
Graybar, Steven & Leonard, Leah. (2005). In defense of listening. American Journal of
Psychotherapy, 59, 1, 1-18.
Goodheart, C. D., Kazdin, A. E., & Sternberg, R. J. (2006). Evidence-based
psychotherapy: Where practice and research meet. Washington, DC: American
Psychological Association.
Gotham, H. J. (2006). Advancing the implementation of evidence-based practices into
clinical practice: How do we get there from here? Professional Psychology: Research
and Practice, 37, 606–613.
Hansen, N. B., Lambert, M. J., & Forman, E. M. (2002). The psychotherapy doseresponse
effect and its implications for treatment delivery services. Clinical Psychology:
Science and Practice, 9, 329-343.
Hatfield, D. R., & Ogles, B. M. (2004). The use of outcome measures by psychologists
in clinical practice. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 35, 485-491.
Hays, P. A. (2009). Integrating evidence-based practice, cognitive–behavior therapy,
and multicultural therapy: Ten steps for culturally competent practice. Professional
Psychology: Research and Practice, Vol 40(4), 354-360
Hilsenroth, Mark J., & Cromer, Thomas D. (2002). Clinician interventions related to
alliance during the initial interview and psychological assessment. Psychotherapy:
Theory, Research, Practice, Training, Vol 44(2), Jun, 2007. pp. 205-218
Hollon, S. D., Stewart, M. O., & Strunk, D. (2006). Enduring effects for cognitive
behavior therapy in the treatment of depression and anxiety. Annual Review of
Psychology, 57, 285–315.
Horrell, Sarah C. (2008). Effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy with adult ethnic
minority clients: A review. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, Vol 39(2),
160-168.
Hoshmand, L. T. (2003). Applied Epistemology and Professional Training in a Science-
Based Cultural Enterprise. The Counseling Psychologist, 31: 529-538.
Hunsberger, P. H. (2007). Reestablishing clinical psychology’s subjective core.
American Psychologist, 62, 614–615.
Hunsberger, P. H. (2007). Strengthening the scientific foundations of professional
psychology: Time for the next steps. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice,
Vol 38(1), 34-43
Hunsley, J. (2007). Addressing key challenges in evidence-based practice in
psychology. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 38, 113–121.
Hunsley, J. (2007). Training psychologists for evidence-based practice. Canadian
Psychology, 48, 32–42.
Hunsley, J., & Mash, E. J. (2007). Evidence-based assessment. Annual Review of
Clinical Psychology, 3, 57-79.
Joiner, T. E., Walker, R. L., Pettit, J. W., Perez, M., Cukrowicz, K. C. (2005). Evidence based
assessment of depression in adults. Psychological Assessment, 17, 267–277.
Journal of Clinical Psychology: Special Issue: Evidence-Based Practice in Clinical
Psychology: Education and Training Issues, Volume 63 Issue 7 , Pages 607 - 705 (July
2007)
Journal of College Student Psychotherapy, special issue on Evidence Based Practice in
College Mental Health, 2005, 20, 1.
Kraus, D. R., Seligman, D., & Jordan, J. R. (2005). Validation of a behavioral health
treatment outcome and assessment tool designed for naturalistic settings: The
treatment outcome package. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 61, 285–314.
Lambert, Michael J. The effectiveness of psychotherapy: What has a century of
research taught us about the effects of treatment?
Lambert, M. J. (2004). Emerging methods for providing clinicians with timely feedback
on treatment effectiveness: An introduction. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 61, 2, Pages
141-144. (Special Issue: Enhancing Psychotherapy Outcome Through Feedback).
Lambert, Michael J. & Barley, Dean E. (2001). Research summary on the therapeutic
relationship and psychotherapy outcome. Psychotherapy: Theory, Research, Practice,
Training, Vol 38(4), 357-361.
Lambert, M. J., Harmon, C., Slade, K., Whipple, J. L., & Hawkins, E. J. (2005).
Providing feedback to psychotherapists on their patients’ progress: Clinical results and
practice suggestions. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 61, 165–174.
Lambert, M. J., Whipple, J. L., Hawkins, E. J., Vermeersch, D. A., Nielson, S. L., &
Smart, D. W. (2003). Is it time for clinicians to routinely track patient outcome? A meta-analysis. Clinical Psychology: Science & Practice, 10, 288–301.
Levant, R. F. & Hasan, N. T. (2008). Evidence-based practice in psychology.
Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, Vol 39(6), 658-662
Leon, S. C., Martinovich, Z., Lutz, W., & Lyons, J. S. (2005). The effect of therapist
experience on psychotherapy outcomes. Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, 12,
417-426.
Levy, Raymond A. (Ed); Ablon, J. Stuart (Ed) (2009). Handbook of evidence-based
psychodynamic psychotherapy: Bridging the gap between science and practice; New
York: Humana Press
Lilienfeld, S. O. (2007). Psychological treatments that cause harm. Perspectives on
Psychological Science, 2, 53–70.
Lilienfeld, S.O., Fowler, K.A., Lohr, J.M., & Lynn, S.J. (2005). Pseudoscience,
nonscience, and nonsense in clinical psychology: Dangers and remedies. In N.
Cummings and R. Wright (Eds.), Destructive trends in mental health. New York: Taylor
& Francis.
Lilienfeld, S.O., Lohr, M., & Morier, D. (2001). The teaching of courses in the science
and pseudoscience of psychology. Teaching of Psychology, 28, 182-191.
Lilienfeld, S.O., Lynn, S.J., & Lohr, J.M. (Eds.) (2003). Science and pseudoscience in
clinical psychology. New York: Guilford.
Lilienfeld, S.O., Wood, J.M., & Garb. H.N. (2000). The scientific status of projective
techniques. Psychological Science in the Public Interest, 1, 27-66.
Lilienfeld, S.O., Wood, J.M., & Garb, H.N. (2001, May). What’s wrong with this picture?
Scientific American, 284, 80-87.
Lima, E. N., Stanley, S., Kaboski, B., Reitzel, L. R., Richey, J. A., Castro, Y., et al.
(2005). The incremental validity of the MMPI-2: When does therapist access not
enhance treatment outcome? Psychological Assessment, 17, 462-468.
McCabe, O. L. (2004). Crossing the Quality Chasm in Behavioral Health Care: The
Role of Evidence-Based Practice. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, Vol
35(6), 571-579
McHugh, R. K., & Barlow, D. H. (2010). The dissemination and implementation of
evidence-based psychological treatments: A review of current efforts. American
Psychologist, Vol 65(2), 73-84
Messer, S. B. (2004). Evidence-based practice: Beyond empirically supported
treatments. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 35, 580-588.
Miller, Scott D.; Duncan, Barry L.; Sorrell, Ryan; Brown, George S. (2005). The
Partners for Change Outcome Management System. Journal of Clinical Psychology,
Vol 61(2), pp. 199-208.
Miller, Scott D., Hubble, M., Duncan, B. (2007, November). Supershrinks - What's the
secret to their success? Psychotherapy Networker.
Minami, T., et al. (2009). Preliminary evidence on the effectiveness of psychological
treatments delivered at a university counseling center. Journal of Counseling
Psychology, Vol 56(2), 309-320.
Mullen, E. J., & Streiner, D. L. (2004). The evidence for and against evidence-based
practice. Brief Treatment and Crisis Intervention, 4, 111-121.
Nathan, P. E., & Gorman, J. M. (2007). A guide to treatments that work (3rd ed.). New
York, NY: Oxford University Press.
Norcross, John C. (2001). Purposes, processes and products of the task force on
empirically supported therapy relationships. Psychotherapy: Theory, Research,
Practice, Training, Vol 38(4), 357-361.
Norcross, J. C. (Ed.). (2002). Psychotherapy relationships that work: Therapist
contributions and responsiveness to patient needs. New York: Oxford University Press.
Norcross, J. C., Beutler, L. E., & Levant, R. F. (Eds.). (2005). Evidence-based practices
in mental health: Debate and dialogue on the fundamental questions. Washington, DC:
American Psychological Association.
Norcross, John C., et al. (2006). Discredited psychological treatments and tests: A
Delphi poll. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, Vol 37(5), 515-522
Ogles, B. M., Lambert, M. J., & Fields, S. A. (2002). Essentials of outcome assessment.
New York: John Wiley & Sons.
Okiishi, Lambert, Neilsen, & Ogles (2003). Waiting for Supershrink: An Empirical
Analysis of Therapist Effects. Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy, 10, 261-373.
Psychotherapy Theory, Research, Practice, Training (journal) special issue on
empirically-supported psychotherapy relationships. Vol 38(4), Win, 2001. This has
been also published as a book edited by John Norcross entitled Psychotherapy
relationships that work: Therapist contributions and responsiveness to patient needs
(2002).
Rishel, C. W. (2007). Evidence-based prevention practice in mental health: What is it
and how do we get there? American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 77, 153–164.
Rhule, D. (2005). Take care to do no harm: Harmful interventions for youth problem
behavior. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 36, 618–625.
Roth, A., & Fonagy, P. (2004). What works for whom? A critical review of psychotherapy
research (2nd ed.). New York: Guilford Press.
Shedler, J. (2010). The efficacy of psychodynamic psychotherapy. American
Psychologist, 98-109.
Silverman, Doris K. (2005). What Works in Psychotherapy and How Do We Know?:
What Evidence-Based Practice Has to Offer. Psychoanalytic Psychology, Vol 22(2),
306-312
Skovholt, T. M., & Jennings, L. (2004). Master therapists: Exploring expertise in therapy
and counseling. Needham Heights, MA: Allyn & Bacon.
Snyder, D. K., Heyman, R. E., & Haynes, S. N. (2005). Evidence-based approaches to
assessing couple distress. Psychological Assessment, 17, 288–307.
Spring, B. (2007). Evidence-based practice in clinical psychology: What it is, why it
matters; what you need to know. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 63, 7, 611 – 631.
Stricker, G. (2003). Evidence-Based Practice:: The Wave of the Past. The Counseling
Psychologist, 31: 546-554.
Stricker, G., & Trierweiler, S. J. (1995). The local clinical scientist: A bridge between
science and practice. American Psychologist, 50, 995–1002.
Stuart, R. B., & Lilienfeld, S. O. (2007). The evidence missing from evidence-based
practice. American Psychologist, 62, 615–616.
Tanenbaum, S. J. (2005). Evidence-based practice as mental health policy: Three
controversies and a caveat. Health Affairs, 24, 163–173.
Widiger, T. A., & Samuel, D. B. (2005). Evidence-based assessment of personality
disorders. Psychological Assessment, 17, 278–287.
Walker, B. B. & London, S. (2007). Novel tools and resources for evidence-based
practice in psychology. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 63, 7, 633-642.
Wampold, B. E. (2004). Attending to the Omissions: A Historical Examination of
Evidence-Based Practice Movements. Professional Psychology: Research and
Practice, Vol 35(6), 563-570.
Wampold, B. E. (2001). The great psychotherapy debate: Models, methods, and
findings. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
Wampold, B. E. (2003). Bashing Positivism and Reversing a Medical Model Under the
Guise of Evidence. The Counseling Psychologist, 31: 539-545.
Wampold, B. E. (2007). Psychotherapy: The humanistic (and effective) treatment.
American Psychologist, Vol 62(8), 857-873
Wampold, B. E., & Bhati, K. S. (2004). Attending to the omissions: A historical
examination of evidence-based practice movements. Professional Psychology:
Research and Practice, 35, 563-570.
Wampold, B. E., & Brown, G. S. (2005). Estimating variability in outcomes attributable to
therapists: A naturalistic study of outcomes in managed care. Journal of Consulting and
Clinical Psychology, 73, 914-923.
Wampold, B. E., Goodheart, C. D., & Levant, R. F. (2007). Clarification and elaboration
on evidence-based practice in psychology. American Psychologist, 62, 616–618.
Wampold, B. E., Lichtenberg, J. W., & Waehler, C. A. (2002). Principles of empirically
supported interventions in counseling psychology. Counseling Psychologist, 30, 197–
217.
Wendt, D. C., & Slife, B. D. (2007). Is evidence-based practice diverse enough?
Philosophy of science considerations. American Psychologist, 62, 613–614.
Westen, D., & Bradley, R. (2005). Empirically supported complexity: Rethinking
evidence-based practice in psychotherapy. Current Directions in Psychological Science,
14, 266-271.
Westen, D., Novotny, M., & Thompson-Brenner, H. (2004). The empirical status of
empirically supported psychotherapies: Assumptions, findings, and reporting in
controlled trials. Psychological Bulletin, 130, 631-663.
Westen, D., & Weinberger, J. (2004). When clinical description becomes statistical
prediction. American Psychologist, 59, 595–613.
Westen, D., & Weinberger, J. (2005). In praise of clinical judgment: Meehl’s forgotten
legacy. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 61, 1257–1276.
Whaley, A. L., & Davis, K. E. (2007). Cultural competence and evidence-based practice
in mental health services: A complementary perspective. American Psychologist, 62,
563–574.
Wood, J.M., Nezworski, M.T., Lilienfeld, S.O., & Garb, H.N. (2003). What’s wrong with
the Rorschach? Science confronts the controversial inkblot test. New York: Jossey-
Bass.
Zeldow, Peter B. (2009). In defense of clinical judgment, credentialed clinicians, and
reflective practice. Psychotherapy: Theory, Research, Practice, Training, Vol 46(1), Mar,
2009. pp. 1-10
V. Disclaimer
Please see my disclaimer regarding the information provided on this website.
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Last updated 01.10.11
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